Force and Motion I

Rocket Mixture of hydrogen and oxygen fuels burn in the combustion chamber. Hot gases are expelled through the exhausts at very high speed . The high-speed hot gas produce a high momentum backwards. By conservation of momentum, an equal and opposite momentum is produced and acted on the rocket, pushing the rocket upwards. Jet Engine … Read more

Elastic Collision Elastic collision is the collision where the kinetic energy is conserved after the collision. Total Kinetic Energy before Collision= Total Kinetic Energy after Collision Additional notes: In an elastic collision, the 2 objects separated right after the collision, and the momentum is conserved after the collision. Total energy is conserved after the collision. … Read more

Principle of Conservation of Momentum The principle of conservation of momentum states that in a system make out of objects that react (collide or explode), the total momentum is constant if no external force is acted upon the system. Sum of Momentum Before Reaction= Sum of Momentum After Reaction Formula Example – Both Objects are … Read more

Momentum Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. Momentum is a vector quantity. It has both magnitude and direction. The SI unit of momentum is kgms-1 Formula: Example:A student releases a ball with a mass of 2 kg from a height of 5 m from the ground. What would be the momentum … Read more

When the handle of the hammer hit on the surface,  the handle stop but the head of the hammer keep on moving downward, owing to the effect of inertia. As a result, hammer head will fit tighter into the hammer. Japanese sumo wrestlers normally have great body mass. This is because the greater mass can … Read more

Mass Mass is defined as the amount of matter. The SI unit of mass is kilogram (kg) Mass is a scalar quantity. Inertia Inertia is the property of a body that tends to maintain its state of motion. Newton’s First Law In the absence of external forces, an object at rest remains at rest and … Read more

Free falling is a motion under gravitational force as the only force acting on the moving object. The acceleration of a free falling object is always constant. On the surface of the earth, the acceleration of is equal to 10ms-2, and is named as gravitational acceleration. In SPM, you need to know the graphs of … Read more

Velocity – Time Graph The gradient of the velocity-time gradient gives a value of the changing rate in velocity, which is the acceleration of the object. The area below the velocity-time graph gives a value of the object’s displacement. Analysing Velocity-Time Graph When analysing the velocity-time graph, always keep in mind that the gradient of … Read more

Displacement – Time GraphIn a Displacement-Time Graph, the gradient of the graph is equal to the velocity of motion. Analysing Displacement – Time Graph When analysing the displacement-time graph, always remember that the gradient of the graph represents the velocity of the graph. Therefore, if the gradient of the graph is positive, the velocity is … Read more

There are 3 types of motion graph, namely the displacement-time graph the velocity-time graph the acceleration-time graph. When analysing a graph, it’s important for us to know what’s the physical quantity that’s represented by the gradient of the graph and the area below the graph.  For example, in a displacement-time graph, the gradient represent the … Read more